Until a few years ago the only information that doctors utilized from the sequences of heartbeats (R-R) was only their average for shorter or longer intervals. The heart rate was related to macroscopic states such as fatigue, fever, emotion etc… Much of the information, represented by the R-R interval, was therefore unused, and two key aspects were overlooked: the RR intervals are not all...read

The spectral analysis of RR interval variability enables the identification of oscillatory components hidden in it, the sum of which is the total Heart Rate Variability (HRV). This type of analysis allows the bundling of oscillations in heart rate in two main frequency bands: a low frequency band, known as LF (Low Frequency), about 0.10 Hz correlated with the sympathetic nerve activity, and a...read

Most people think that Glaucoma is almost exclusively a single disease. To the contrary, glaucoma is not considered a single disease, but a diverse group of pathologies that share a chronic and progressive damage to the optic nerve and to the retinal nerve fiber layer. These diseases are important because the damage they cause is irreversible and set in silently, until they manifest their...read

Summary In recent years, studies with stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac stress MRI) reported good feasibility and accuracy in the characterization of patients with known, or suspected, coronary artery disease. This article presents an overview of the important data for the application of the techniques of stress-MRI in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of ischemic heart...read

Colorectal tumors are the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States and represent a major threat in Italy, but, fortunately, good screening can yield a survival of 90 percent for cancer of the colon, and 80 percent for cancer of the rectum. All this is possible, and starts with a good conversation between the patient and the general practitioner, who more than anyone else...read